{"id":601,"date":"2026-01-20T13:10:37","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T13:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/?p=601"},"modified":"2026-01-20T13:10:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T13:10:37","slug":"investment-casting-alloy-selection-key-considerations-for-the-european-market","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/investment-casting-alloy-selection-key-considerations-for-the-european-market\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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2. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627<\/h2>\n

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2.1 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643<\/h3>\n

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\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 (\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 85%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0643)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u062c\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0645 \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u0632\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0632.<\/p>\n

2.2 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623<\/a> \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 10.51\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c AISI 316L\u060c EN 1.4404)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 AISI 430\u060c EN 1.4016)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 AISI 410\u060c EN 1.4006).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 316L\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f: \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a) \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0635\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627<\/a> \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 Siemens Healthineers \u0648 Philips\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316L \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n

2.3 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b 50% \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 600 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 718 (EN 2.4668)\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 625 (EN 2.4856)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0648\u064a C-276 (EN 2.4819). \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 EN 9100) \u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d REACH.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062d\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 (\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a> (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642) \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0635\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0633\u00bb \u0648\u00ab\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0632 \u0625\u0646\u064a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

2.4 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u2014 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a EN AC-42100 (A356) \u0648 EN AC-43400 (A380). \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 RoHS \u0648REACH\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 (\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 95% \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a) \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f: \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0634\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\"Investment<\/a><\/p>\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629:<\/p>\n

3.1 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u062a\u064a REACH \u0648RoHS) \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 EN 10269 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648EN 1706 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648EN 9100 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 10993.<\/p>\n

3.2 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646: \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\/\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 (\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 316L)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0625\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0644 718).<\/p>\n

3.3 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623)\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u2014 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644.<\/p>\n

3.4 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

3.5 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628<\/h3>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a) \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a<\/h2>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

– Lightweighting with Advanced Aluminum Alloys: As the automotive and aerospace industries strive to reduce carbon emissions, there is growing demand for high-strength aluminum alloys (e.g., A356 with T6 heat treatment) that offer a balance of weight and performance.<\/p>\n

– Recycled and Low-Carbon Alloys: European manufacturers are increasingly adopting recycled alloys (e.g., recycled stainless steel, recycled aluminum) and low-carbon production processes to reduce their environmental impact. Some suppliers are also developing \u201cgreen\u201d nickel-based superalloys with lower carbon footprints.<\/p>\n

– Custom Alloys for Specialized Applications: To meet the unique requirements of sectors such as aerospace and medical devices, European manufacturers are collaborating with material suppliers to develop custom alloys tailored to specific operating conditions (e.g., biocompatible stainless steels for implants, high-temperature nickel alloys for next-generation gas turbines).<\/p>\n

– Digitalization in Alloy Selection: Advanced simulation tools are being used to predict the performance of different alloys during casting and in service, enabling manufacturers to select the optimal alloy more efficiently and reduce the risk of defects.<\/p>\n

5. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n

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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Investment casting, also known as lost-wax casting, is a precision manufacturing process widely utilized across the European industrial landscape\u2014from automotive and aerospace to energy, medical devices, and industrial machinery. Its ability to produce complex, near-net-shape components with tight tolerances, smooth surface finishes, and consistent mechanical properties makes it indispensable for high-performance applications. However, the success […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-industry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Investment-Casting-Alloy-Selection-for-the-European-Market.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=601"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":605,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/601\/revisions\/605"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sjnbcasting.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}